In the Values in Middle Childhood project, funded by the Israel Science Foundation, we investigate social development across the elementary school years. We follow children in schools, interviewing them once a year. We ask children what they value and why, investigate their cognitive development and their social behavior. We want to understand children's perspective about their own values. We want to know more about the processes that enable their social development. Does cognitive, language, or socio-cognitive development contribute to these processes? Last, we want to know what motivations drive them to be caring and sharing.